Hinged double-hung windows



Nov. 2, 1965 P. NACHTSHEIM HINGED DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed 001;. 22, 1964 INVENTOR Nov. 2, 1965 P. NAC-HTSHEIM 3,214,801

HINGED DOUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS Filed Oct. 22, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,214,881 HZNGED DSUBLE-HUNG WINDOWS Peter Nachtsheim, 1927 S. Central Ave, South Plainfieid, NJ. Fiied Oct. 22, 1964, Ser. No. 485,707 Claims. (Cl. 26-45) This invention relates to buildings and particularly to a double-hung window therefor; it is a continuation-inpart and improvement over my application for a similar window, Serial No. 242,487 filed on December 5, 1962.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a separately and individually supported 2-unit sash combination, supported by an indoor swinging sash frame, that is in turn supported by a wall fixed frame in a building wall, serviceable the year around.

Another object is to show more in detail how to fasten the upper sash unit in its swinging frame, so as to make it stationary.

A further object is to show on the drawings all the places where the resilient gasket or facings can be applied, to form a yielding rain and weather seal.

Another object is to control the lower unit and optionally the top unit of the vertically sliding sash combination with vertically symmetrical individual balances or breaking devices attached to them and to their swinging-in hinged supporting sash frame in a new yet simple and improved manner for quick, complete, economical and safe servicing and inspection.

An added object is also a provision allowing optionally to arrange the mounting of the sash combination to be held by a hinged, swinging-in supporting frame, that may be swung from its head and/ or jambs in the fixed frame.

The invention also provides an improved rain and Weather seal for the hinged sash frame at its jambs, which are symmetrical about the vertical centerline of the window, consisting of a swinging-in upper jamb of the hinged frame forming an angular overlap over the fixed supporting lower part, which rises behind it in an angular vertical offset or raised stop, to provide a lap joint when closing the hinged sash frame; also the invention provides a back-band lap joint at the weather facing places Where the hinged sash frame contacts the fixed frame at jambs and head, by shiplapping horizontally the fixed frame over its registering closed swinging-in frame; then too it provides a lap joint at the sill by the telescoping of the closing lower sash past the swinging frame and fixed frames sills to contact with the bottom of the lower sash the outsloping fixed sill also.

A further object is the elimination of removable parting strips, stops, trims and access panels for installation, servicing and repairing of the sash combination and its supporting hinged swinging-in sash frame, since the sash combination can be installed and removed through the bottom of the opened hinged frame; also the invention provides for individual installation, removal and replacement of any sash unit from its opened sash frame quickly and economically, the year around.

For window materials the use of metal, wood, asbestos, fiberglass, rubber and plastics or a combination of them ofiers a wide range of design selection.

These objects and the several novel features of the invention are hereinafter more fully described and claimed and the preferred form of construction by which these objects are attained is shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1A is an interior view of my improved window in which the sash combination is supported by hinges at the head.

FIGURE 13 is a modification showing the sash com- 3,214,891 Patented Nov. 2, 1965 bination supported by a jamb hinged, inside opening frame in a fixed frame.

FIGURE 1C is an isometn'c interior view of the window of FIGURE 1B. This figure also shows projected downwardly in dashed outline how a sash is removed.

FIGURE 2 is a section on line 2-2 of FIGURE 1A.

FIGURE 3 is a section on line 33 of FIGURE 1B.

FIGURE 4 is a vertical section on line 44 of FIG- URE 113.

FIGURE 5 is a section on line 55 of FIGURE 4, but omitting swinging frame 3 and sash 2.

FIGURE 6 is a section on line 6-6 of FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 7 is a section on line 77 of FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 8 is a section on line 8-8 of FIGURE 1A but using an alternate construction similar to that of FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 9 is a section on line 9-9 of FIGURE 8, but omitting swinging frame 3 and sash 2.

FIGURE 10 is a section on line 10-10 of FIGURE 9.

FIGURE 11 is a section on line 1111 of FIGURE 9.

FIGURE 12 is a section on line 1212 of FIGURE 1A.

My improved window has two sashes, an upper sash 1 and a lower sash 2, which acts as a sliding bolt to prevent swinging frame 3 from swinging. Sash 1 can slide up and down vertically or as an alternate it can be made stationary, as shown later in FIG. 12. Lower sash 2 can slide up and down. Both sashes are supported in a double hung type frame 3 that is hinged as at 4 to fixed frame 9. The sashes are glazed as in common practice and they are shown in closed position with the meeting rails in sealing contact, The sash combination with its hinged supporting frame 3 can be opened-in horizontally by means of the hinges 4 with removable pins on the jamb and by releasing suitable catches or locks 5 on the opposite jamb or vice versa, since the jambs on both sides are alike and symmetrical about the vertical centerline of the window, as shown by FIG. 1B.

As an alternate, if desired, the combination of sashes and hinged frame can be opened-in vertically by suitable hinges 6 with removable pins at the head 8 and suitable catches 7 at the sill 14, as shown by FIG. 1A. By placing the removable pins in hinges 4 the frame is jamb opened and by placing the same pins in hinges 6 the frame is vertically opened.

In the case of a hinged vertically opening-in sash frame with its sashes it will be safer and cheaper to use the horizontally opening-in operation for washing and servicing of sashes and hinged frame.

In the case of a horizontally opening-in frame with its sashes, when wanting to remove the sashes for repairs and with the sill too low, it will be quicker and cheaper to use the vertically opening-in operation.

Also, when desired, it will be more economical to only use one type of hinged swinging-in supporting frame.

To remove the sash combination, raise sash 2 above the highest point of the fixed sill 15 (FIGURE 4) openin the hinged frame about hinges 4 as in the dashed line of FIGURE 3 but at least as in FIGURE 1C. If desired remove the combination of sashes, hinged frame and stool 13 fast to the latter from its location, then disconnect exposed counter Weights, springs or balances and slip through the now open and offset sash frame sill construction as shown to the right of FIGURE 1C. To install again, reverse this operation.

Suitable anchors 10 are used to anchor the fixed supporting frame to the building structure.

Hinged frame 3, holding the sash combination, when closed contacts the fixed frame 9 at jambs 12 and head 8 in a slanting and angular offset manner, so as to form a positive, efiicient rain and weather stop. A recess 11 between fixed frame 9 and hinged frame 3 serves as a screen and/or a storm window location. The recess opposite the vortex of the obtuse angle of the swinging frame serves to house a resilient gasket 27 to reinforce the sealing against cold air. A similar structure is shown in FIGURE 3 for jamb hinging. At head and jambs of fixed frame 9, projections 11a (FIGURES 2 and 3) provide sealing stops.

The head and jambs of the hinged frame 3 are of the usual construction, having 2 sets of continuous parallel recessed track guides with integral indoor stops, parting bead and outdoor stop; track guides 16 and 16A are for the top sash 1 and track guides 17 and 17A are for the lower sash 2. Sash 1 is shown to have a weight counterbalance 19; while sash 2 is shown with a spring counterbalance 20 provision. The sash balance that is actually used is left open to choice. A vertical offset or raised stop 18 integral with projection 23 of fixed sill 15 rises behind the jamb bottom of the hinged and closed sash frame 3 for sealing purposes.

By attaching the sash counterbalances 19 or 20 to the hinged sash frame 3, it permits of quick access to counterbalances and their connections when opening-in the sash frame 3, with no need for access panels or removable parts.

The sill 14 of the window structure shows how by moving the usual stool 13 from its fixed location on the fixed sash sill 15 to a fixed connection with the hinged sash frame 3 and then interlocking it with sash 2 and sash sill 15, a compensating rain and weatherseal is formed. When closing the hinged sash frame 3 and lower sash 2; the vertically telescoping sash 2 slides past stool 13 in front of the high rear of sash sill 15 in this operation, while the fixed sill 15 fits into the backband recess of the stool 13 of the closed hinged frame 3 for a lap joint. The stool 13 with sash frame 3 forms a rigid support and the stool located indoors will be exposed only to the minimum amount of temperature induced expansion and contraction. Sash sill 15 (FIG. 4) has vertically rising projections at its ends or sides, projection 23 on the weather sde of lower sash 2 and smaller projection 15a on the indoor side. The hidden top of projection 23 is level, rising to dotted line 18 which represents the top of stop 18 (more clearly shown in FIGURE 6) where it will be noted stop 18 and projection 23 form a shiplap seal with swinging frame 3-. The bottom of this shiplap seal is higher than the top of projection 15a so as to permit frame 3, while opening, to clear the top of projection 15a. The latter rnust be low enough not to interfere with the swinging of frame 3 but high enough to form a lap-type seal with the downturned end of stool 13. The grooves or guides for the sashes 1 and 2 are alined in frame 3 and projection 23. The recess 24 is convenient in locating the bottom of the jamb as in FIGURE 6 while assembling the parts of the fixed frame. All of the fixed parts of the device 9, 14, 15, 18, 23, 25 and 26, while shown as separate pieces for clarity, are actually firmly secured together in the finished window structure.

FIG. 8 shows the sill of the window combination similar to FIG. 4, but the projection 25 and raised stop 26 are part of anchor jamb frame 9 as in FIGURE 11 instead of sash sill 15 as in FIGURE 6. Against the hinged frame 3 and fixed frame 9 the horizontal projection 25 has a raised stop 26, overlapped by frame 3 for sealing. The final fixed frame is the same in either case.

It is a matter of choice and depends on the materials used which design is better, viz using an integral sashsill 15 or an integral anchor jamb frame 9 with the projection below the sash sill 15 top elevation.

By sloping projection 25 outwardly of raised stop 26 slightly downward additional sealing results. In FIG.

4t 11, Item 27 is a resilient gasket or integral resilient facing typical of all places where the sashes and frame with stool contact the opening-in fixed sash frame and sill for rain and weathersealing, if the gasket and/or facing is desired.

In FIG. 1C meeting rail 28 of sash 1 and meeting rail 29 of sash 2 have a perpendicular parallel sealing contact joint 30, when sash 1 is stationary and sash 2 is vertically sliding, whereas for the case of both sash 1 and sash 2 being vertically sliding, these parallel sealing contacts can also be inclined from the perpendicular as shown at joint 31. Sash weight cord 32 of sash 2 is shown where it enters jamb 12 to connect to counterweight 19 with one suitable pulley 33 only required for each cord.

In FIG. 12 the non-rising loose pin 34 is shown entering through retaining barrel 35, that is fixed in swinging frame 3. A circular strike 36 is provided in the side stile of upper sash 1 in order to lock sash 1 in its supporting frame 3 and make it stationary. The right hand and left hand sash stiles are thus fixed. Pin 34 is secured by means of a split ring attached in a groove in the pin which comes into contact with barrel 35 and prevents the pin from moving out of strike 36. For repairs and servicing then it is easy to remove sash 1 from its opened swinging frame 3. Any other type of removable pin may be used, depending on the availability in the local market.

In FIGURE 12 an angular recess 37 forms a structure similar to a backhand and this forms with the closed frame 3 a lap-type seal to keep out rain and cold. Functionally a backband lap joint is a shiplap or half lap joint in two directions providing a positive lap seal when the joint members expand and contract, this in contrast to a butt joint, where the contacting members just form a gap when they contract, for undesired leaks.

The outdoor facing lap joint seal design between swinging and fixed frames provides, in the case of temperature induced expansion and contraction of the window, a breathing plane in the direction parallel to the building wall. In the case of contraction it prevents a gap for leaks that also cause frozen-in sashes, controls and swinging frame in the winter and damage to them and wall.

The non-rising loose pin 34 is like all the removable pins mentioned for hinges 4, hinges 6, catches 5 and catches 7 or vice versa.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A window structure including a fixed and a hinged, inwardly swinging frame, each having a head, sill and jambs, said swing-ing frame having an upper and a lower sash which slide parallel to each other, individual counterbalancing means for the sashes located within and swinging with the swinging frame, the sill of the fixed frame having at its rear an upwardly extending projection rising above the level of the bottom of the lower sash when closed on the fixed frame sill, said projection extending for the full width of the lower sash, the lower portion of the lower sash when closed acting as a sliding bolt to prevent swinging of the swinging frame, and when the bottom of the lower sash is raised above the level of the top of said projection, the inwardly swinging frame is free to open to at least .a projection in the front of the head and jambs of the fixed frame forming a sealing stop, the projections on the sill, head, and jambs forming with the swinging frame a rain and weatherproof lap-type seal when the swinging frame is closed.

2. The window structure of claim 1 in which the sill of the swinging frame is a stool swinging with the swinging frame.

3. The window strucure of claim 2 in which the sill of the fixed frame has an additional vertically rising projection at both jamb sides, and the swinging frame is. grooved to swing freely over said projections.

4. The window structure of claim 3 in which the jambs have a second additional raised stop above the additional rising projection at both jarnb sides, the lower jamb sides of the swinging frame being grooved to form with the second additional raised stops additional lap joints.

5. The window structure of claim 1 in which the lower sash while closing slides past the sill of the swinging frame on the weather side of the latter and also past the projection of the fixed frame and closes on the sill of the fixed frame to form an additional lap-type seal and the lower sash may be removed when the swinging frame is open, without removing sash stops, parting beads, trim and removable access panels.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,040,332 5/36 Pomeroy 189-66 2,116,781 5/38 Delich 20-53 2,595,451 5/52 Conner 20-45 2,599,183 6/52 Kessler -2 2069 HARRISON R. MOSELEY, Primary Examiner.

REINALDO P. MACHADO, Examiner. 

1. A WINDOW STRUCTURE INCLUDING A FIXED AND A HINGED, INWARDLY SWINGING FRAME, EACH HAVING A HEAD, SILL AND JAMBS, SAID SWINGING FRAME HAVING AN UPPER AND A LOWER SASH WHICH SLIDE PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER, INDIVIDUAL COUNTERBALANCING MEANS FOR THE SASHES LOCATED WITHIN AND SWINGING WITH THE SWINGING FRAME, THE SILL OF THE FIXED FRAME HAVING AT ITS REAR AN UPWARDLY EXTENDING PROJECTION RISING ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE BOTTOM OF THE LOWER SASH WHEN CLOSED ON THE FIXED SILL, SAID PROJECTION EXTENDINF FOR THE FULL WIDTH OF THE LOWE SASH, THE LOWER PORTION OF THE LOSER SASH WHEN CLOSED ACTING AS A SLIDING BOLT TO PREVENT SWINGING OF THE SWINGING FRAME, AND WHEN THE BOTTOM OF THE LOWER ASH IS RAISED ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE TOP OF SAID PROJECTION, THE INWARDLY SWINGING FRAME IS FREE TO OPEN TO AT LEAST 90*, A PROJECTION IN THE FRONT OF THE HEAD AND JAMBX OF THE FIXED FRAME FORMING A SEALING STOP, THE PROJECTIONS ON THE SILL, HEAD, AND JAMBS FORMIN WITH THE SWINGING FRAME A RAIN AND WEATHERPROOF LAP-TYPE SEAL WHEN THE SWINGING FRAME IS CLOSED. 